中班数学梯形教案ppt(4篇)

格式:DOC 上传日期:2023-05-05 09:13:12
中班数学梯形教案ppt(4篇)
时间:2023-05-05 09:13:12     小编:zdfb

作为一名教职工,总归要编写教案,教案是教学蓝图,可以有效提高教学效率。那么问题来了,教案应该怎么写?以下是小编收集整理的教案范文,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

中班数学梯形教案ppt篇一

����1�������׶���öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2�������׶�ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½

��������í¼ï¿½î¡ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½

����í¼ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½--------��ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½--------�û²ï¿½--------������

������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½à¡£

�����ú°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ë­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

��������ê²ã´í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½æ½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������������׶��û²ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����������í¼ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½æ½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï»ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ò»ð©í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½è½ï¿½ç·è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ð£¿£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ë£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½â£¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ç£ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½

中班数学梯形教案ppt篇二

�����ä¿ï¿½ê£º

����1��������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ì¡¢ï¿½è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������ñµã£º

����1����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ú·ï¿½î»ï¿½ãµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

�����׼����

����1���������裺����ú·ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ã¾ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ���������� �������� ����í¼ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����3���׶��ã¾ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(�õ°ï¿½ã»í¿é«ï¿½ï¿½)����ì£ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1���龰��(��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ñ½?��ñ½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµí¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾û»á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½î¼ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!(��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½)2��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß±ß¹û²ï¿½í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

�������ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´í¼ï¿½ï¿½ñ½?������������?�ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

���������û²ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?������?��ê²ã´í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?22���è½ï³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½(��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)�������ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�����׶�è¥ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

�������î£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ì£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½æ½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ð±ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´?

����3��ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½--���î¡ï¿½

����4�����î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½æ¤ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����(��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾)�������ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½?

����ð¡ï¿½á£ºô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¿ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½å·å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����5����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)��ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½(��ê¾ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)���ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����(��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)���ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

��������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��í¼ï¿½î¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿¼ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½?

����í¿é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºü¶ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½æ¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ò³¤·ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½óºü¶ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½(�����î±ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¥ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½è¡¢)(��ê¦ñ²ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½)2����������í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ü¸é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½î¹ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä±ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�ç¾í³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!

����1�����׶��ú»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����2������è«ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

�����塢����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä»î¶¯ï¿½ò°ï¿½!

����2 �׶�ô°ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½

�����ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����׼����

�����ì¾ß£ï¿½ô²ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î¸ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½è´ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î¸ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½(��ô²ï¿½îµï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è³ï¿½);��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½í¿é«;���������飬������ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"*"���塢���飺��������ô²ï¿½ã¡£

��������ì£ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯1����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î¡ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î£ï¿½"���ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?"(����)"���ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?""����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½è¡ï¿½"(�����׶���ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±è½ï£ï¿½ö¤êµï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î±ï¿½ô²ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)"��ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?"(��ô²ï¿½ï¿½)"��ô²ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ô²ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?"(�����׶��è½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ù´î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����"��ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½û³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"3��ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£

����"���ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¡¢ï¿½×¶ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï»¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½?"����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯1����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½í¿é«ï¿½ï¿½

����"����ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½í¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½"2�����������飬�����äµï¿½ï¿½ó´ï¿½"*"3�����塢���飬��������ô²ï¿½ã¡£

�������������õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½í¿é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½

����3 �׶�ô°ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ô²ï¿½ï¿½

�����ä¿ï¿½ä£ï¿½1��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ô²ï¿½ï¿½(ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²è¦)2����õ¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;ô²ï¿½ï¿½ö½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ð¡ô²è¦ï¿½ï¿½1ö»ï¿½ï¿½ �׶�ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾1��(��ê¾ô²ï¿½ï¿½)����ê²ã´?���澵����ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½?

����2��(��ê¾ô²ï¿½ï¿½)����ê²ã´?��ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½?���óµä¿ï¿½êµê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½?

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(����í¬ï¿½ï¿½)3����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¶«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ë£¬æ½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½îµï¿½?(�׶����é·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)��ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºô²ï¿½îµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¶à£¬ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â·ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾1�� ��ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµø°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä²ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ö½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ìµä£ï¿½ï¿½æµä£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½?��ð©ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½(��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ö¸ï¿½ï¿½)���ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´?

����2����ê¾í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµø°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ó£¬»æµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²?�ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�ç¸ï¿½ð¡?(�ù³ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½1����é«ï¿½ï¿½ô²)���������ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²/?��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²?(���׶�ò»ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½)��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(�׶�����ò»ï¿½ï¿½)��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½"ð¡ô²ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµäºã±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�뵽�òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¾ï¿½ã¡ï¿½"ð¡ô²ï¿½í¹ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßºí´ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¾ï¿½ã¡ï¿½

����ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¾ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½3��ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½`ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!��ò»î»ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¡£ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½

������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è±§ï¿½ï¿½ë¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½üµü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµ½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½3��ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½

���������׶�������ï°ï¿½ï¿½

�����׶�ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ß£ï¿½4ö»ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä²ï¿½é«ô²è¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô²?���������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?(�׶��ô¼ï¿½æ´ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·)��

����4 �׶�ô°ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ä¿ï¿½ï¿½1�� ���׶�������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2�� ��ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¡£

����3�� �����׶��ä³ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����׼��1�� ���ô½ì¾ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ´í¼--ì«ï¿½õ³ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ í¼ï¿½î±ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½

����2�� �������ö½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾æ´í¼ï¿½ï¿½ (����������)�����������ó¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ ׼�����ö¸ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����1�� ���ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì«ï¿½õ³ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����2����ï°ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½à¡£

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½

�������� ����������1�� �����׶���������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£(��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)2�� õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(ê²ã´í¼ï¿½ï¿½)��ò»ï¿½ï¿½(�ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)����ò»ï¿½ï¿½(��ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)����öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½å¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½í¼ï¿½â¼ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿´ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½?è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½?�ù±ï¿½ò»ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©í¼ï¿½îµä´ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½?�����ú¼ï¿½â¼ö½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����3�� ��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������� �׶����������ê¦ñ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ �׶��������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½(ö¸ï¿½û³éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)���ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´í¼ï¿½ï¿½?������ã´öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

�����塢 ��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����1�� ��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����2�� ��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����3�� ��ò»ï¿½è£ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����4�� ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶¼ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����5�׶�ô°ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

���������׼����

����1���î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2������������(����ò»ï¿½å±ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½å¶ô±ß»ï¿½í¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«);�����îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ö½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½(�����îµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä±ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)��

����3��"ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºí³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½å¡ï¿½

���������ä¿ï¿½ê£º

����1�������׶���í¼ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ð±è½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½

����2��������î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£

����3����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æºí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã¡£

�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½

����(ò»)�� ��ê¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½

��������룺��ò»ï¿½â¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߡ���4���ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ²â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë­?(�׶��ø´ï¿½)(��)�������ö£ï¿½

����1���å¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!(��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)ô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ»ï¿½ó­ï¿½ï¿½(���ö»ï¿½ó­)��

�������������þ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½!ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߣ�4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߣ�4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߣ�4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(�����׶����������îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)�׶�������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߣ�4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë­?(������)��ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½?(�׶�����)���׶�í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û£ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߣ��ô±ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(�����׶����������îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)�׶�������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߣ��ô±ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����4���׶�������������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½

����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ò²ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?������ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½?

����5���ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºí³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã¡£(�����׶���ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ç£ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4���ߡ���í¬ï¿½ã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ô±ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����6����ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¡£(��������íµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ë³ô³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä±ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)��

����7������ñ°ï¿½ò£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ñ³¤·ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����(��)�������ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ³¤·ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½

����6 �׶�ô°ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸.��

�����ä¿ï¿½ï¿½1. �����ã¸ð¹ù±è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2. öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¡ï¿½

�����øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½1. �øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����2. �ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¥ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

�����׼���ì¾ß£ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ã«ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ß£ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ò»ï¿½ýºñ±¡²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ã«ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ã½»ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·å´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½(��������������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡¡ï¿½)����ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½->ö¸ï¿½ï¿½->����->�������ì£ï¿½

����1.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ê¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ø´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡µä¸ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½é¡£

����(1)����ô°ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£º"îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö§ï¿½ê·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?"�è¡ï¿½

����(2)�ã·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ú´êºï¿½ï¿½ð¹ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ä½¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½

����(1)�׶�ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ý´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½

����(2)��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ò³ï¿½ò»ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½""�ñ´öµï¿½ã«ï¿½ß¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½

����(3)òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(������ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡µï¿½)��

����3.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ê¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½æ¥ï¿½ä¡£

����(1)���׶�ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡¡ï¿½

����(2)���׶���ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£º"��ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½í¬"��

����4.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����(1)���׶��������ô±ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½à¡£ï¿½ç£º"��ñ´öµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£"(2)���׶�õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµã¶ô²ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����5.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¡ï¿½

����(1)�����������磺"���������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ç´öµï¿½?"(2)���û£ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä´ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½

����6.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡µä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����(1) ���׶���ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡µä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£º"�����ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã«ï¿½ß±ï¿½ï¸"��

����(2)�����׶��ã²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·ö½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ã«ï¿½ß±ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ã«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½

����7.í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����(1)������ï·"ë­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?"ã«ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ö±êºï¿½ç¦ï¿½ê±è´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ê±ï¿½ç¦ï¿½ê´ö£ï¿½ã«ï¿½ê±è¸ö±ê´ö£ï¿½ã«ï¿½êºï¿½ç¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?îªê²ã´?

����(2)�����ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ð²»³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â´«ï¿½ý¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

�����������

����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½×¶ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½í¹û²ì£¬ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æºï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����׼��1. ô²ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½;�����ç³ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½4��5��(���׶��������׼��)������ô¼4�׳�������

����2. ��ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä¿ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½è½ïµäµè±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1����

����3. �����׶����顶��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²á¡£

��������1. ��öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½êµï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½û²ì²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½

����2. ��êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ú»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµä£ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµäµè¡ï¿½

����3. ��ê¶í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æºí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºú°ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ã·û±ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ö½ï¿½æ³éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ô²ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹û²ï¿½è½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½

����4. ����ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½

����7�׶�ô°ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5�������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ä£ï¿½

����1.������öª5����������ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½

����2.��õ¹ï¿½è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ§×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������í·ï¿½î£ï¿½ã¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;�ú°å»­;���ó¿ï¿½æ¬ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½×¡ï¿½

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½

����1.������������ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ç¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¸ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¤ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2.ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ñ½?(���׶������ìµï¿½ï¿½û»ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½î°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5������������ëµ)�úºú°ï¿½ï¿½ï°ú³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

��������é«ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1?

����3.���ú°å»­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?ë­ï¿½à£¬ë­ï¿½ï¿½?��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?(�����ùµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½û²ï¿½ë­ï¿½ï¿½ë­ï¿½ï¿½1?ë­ï¿½ï¿½ë­ï¿½ï¿½1?��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½)4.����������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ë­ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(������5����)�������׶��ø´ï¿½"������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�����ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?"5.��ï·ï¿½ï¿½æ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½

�����������죺

�������ó¿ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½î¶¯òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��ï¸"�ä±è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¡ï¿½

�����׼������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ãµï¿½4�ö²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êºï¿½ë®ï¿½ê±ï¿½)�׶�������������ò»ï¿½ï¿½(����ç¿ï¿½ï¿½îª7�ö²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµèµï¿½îª5�ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îª3�ð²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)(��ç©ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½çºå±ê¡ï¿½ë®ï¿½ê±ï¿½)����ì£ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¸1.���׶����ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½?(��ç©ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)2.ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ô­ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?(��îªð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê´ï¿½)3.ð¡ï¿½á£ºô­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´öºï¿½ï¸ö®ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

���������è½ï´ï¿½ï¸1����ê¾ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¸õ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´öµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½?

����(1)���ø´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ç©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½(2)���ø´ï¿½öµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ö§ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½

����2.�ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ·ï¿½ï¿½è½ï´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±è½ï³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½

�����������ã´ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¶ï¿½1.�׶�����������2.����(1)������ã´ï¿½åµï¿½?(�ó´ï¿½ò»ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ò»ï¿½ï¿½)(2)������ã´ï¿½å³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?

����3��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ð¡ï¿½ï¿½(1)���ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä£ï¿½ê£ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¶ó¡ï¿½

����(2)�óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¶ï¿½4�����׶����ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

������ê¶ï¿½ñ±¡»î¶¯ä¿ï¿½ê£º

����1����öª6���úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½è½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ß°ï¿½ï¿½íºñ±¡£ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å°´ï¿½ß°ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3���ú±è½ïµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½

�����׼����

�����ì¾ß£ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ±¡²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5����

����ñ§ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½32ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½

��������ì£ï¿½

����1��������

����(1)������ê¶ï¿½ß°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß°ï¿½ï¿½å¶ó¡ï¿½

��������î»ï¿½ß°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½õ¾ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ò¹û²ï¿½è½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¸ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¶ó¡ï¿½

��������5--6î»ï¿½ß°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¸ß°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����(2)��ê¶ï¿½ñ±¡¡ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ñ±¡²ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é±¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´?�ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?������ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½?�����׶��ã±è½ïºï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½é±¾ï¿

中班数学梯形教案ppt篇三

1、引导幼儿感知梯形的基本特征。

2、启发幼儿学习按图形特征归类,巩固对几何图形的认识。

几何图形、纸、笔若干。

图形分类--------认识梯形--------观察--------变梯形

认识梯形的基本特征。

一、图形分类。

黑板上有许多图形,谁会把一样的图形放在一起?(请一名幼儿操作)每个图形有几个?

二、认识梯形。

这是什么图形?它和长方形有什么地方一样,什么地方不一样?它们都有四条边,四个角,梯形上面边短,下面边长:上下两条边平平的,不一样长,有四个角,不一样大。

三、引导幼儿观察直角梯形、四边形。

这两个图形都是梯形吗?(不是)哪一个图形是梯形,你从什么地方看出它是梯形?它上下两边平平的,不一样长,四个角不一样大。

四、变梯形

请小朋友们在纸上画一些梯形,并在梯形上加一些图形,使它成为你认识的东西,好吗?(教师在一旁指导)。

效果记录:幼儿对梯形的认识比较欠缺,问他们一般梯形认识吗?(认识的)问他们这是什么图形(直角梯形)就不认识了,一会儿说这,一会儿说那,没有一个说的出来的,告诉他们以后就明白了。

中班数学梯形教案ppt篇四

活动目标:

1、初步感知梯形的基本特征。

2、认识不同的梯形,发展幼儿的观察、比较、动手能力。

活动重难点:

1、活动重点:初步了解梯形的特征。

2、活动难点:认识不同摆放位置的、不同的梯形。

活动准备:

1、环境创设:活动室内放一些包含梯形的图画,布置出图形王国形象。

2、教师演示用具:正方形娃娃 长方形娃娃 梯形娃娃 各种图形。

3、幼儿用具:包含有梯形的图画若干张(空白没涂色的)活动过程:

一、感知梯形的特征1、情景:(出示请柬)小朋友们,你们瞧,这是什么呀?这呀是图形王国的国王给老师送来的请柬,说图形王国要举行聚会,邀请我们中三班的小朋友去参加,我们一起去看看吧!(老师带领幼儿进入活动室)2、通过寻找,让幼儿初步感知梯形的特征教师带领幼儿边走边观察图形,引导幼儿说出图形的名称,引出梯形。

提问:这是什么图形呀?它是正方形吗?是长方形吗?

二、观察了解梯形的特征1、出示梯形宝宝,提问:这个图形有几条边?几个角?跟什么图形象呢?22、比较长方形与梯形的异同点(出示正方形)那他们是不是一样的呢?引导幼儿去比较相同点:它们都有四条边,四个角异同点:正方形,四条边都是一样长的,四个角也是一样大的。

梯形,一条边短,一条边长,两条边平平的,旁边两条边斜斜的。你觉得它的斜边像什么?

3、小结:这种形状的图形,名字叫--梯形。

4、梯形宝宝可调皮了,它一会儿翻跟斗,一会儿躺下睡觉,你们看:

(教师演示)这样还是不是梯形呀?

小结:原来梯形可以倒着放,躺着放,不管它们怎么放,都是梯形。

5、认识不同的梯形(直角梯形、等腰梯形)听说梯形宝宝还有许多兄弟姐妹呢,你们看看,它们是不是也叫梯形,(出示直角梯形)提问:这个图形只有一条边是可以当滑梯的,它是不是梯形呢?

(出示等腰梯形)提问:这个图形它的两条斜边是一样长的,它是不是梯形呢?

小结:梯形宝宝的家人可真多,有梯形、直角梯形、等腰梯形。

三、小组操作,让幼儿巩固了解梯形的基本特征1、图形国王还想考靠小朋友们,出了一些难题,摆放在那边的桌子,我们有没有信心接受考验呀?

涂色:让小朋友在很多图形中找出梯形,并涂上漂亮的颜色折一折、剪一剪:让小朋友用正方形或长方形进行折、剪出梯形来装饰梯形:从很多图形中将梯形找出来,进行装饰(如梯形饼干、梯形杯子、梯形池塘、梯形楼梯、梯形花盆、)(教师巡回指导)2、反馈:共同检验小朋友的操作四、通过寻找梯形,加深对梯形的认识国王说,我们小朋友这么能干,都通过了他的考验,所以请我们去参观图形娃娃们的表演,你们开心吗?那就出发吧!

1、让幼儿在活动室能张贴的图片造型中找找、说说梯形宝宝藏在哪里?

2、鼓励全体小朋友寻找,跟同伴或老师们说说梯形宝宝藏在哪里?

五、结束小朋友们告诉你们一个好消息,为了表扬小朋友今天的表现,国王决定将这些图形造型送给我们,大家开心吗?那我们一起将它们带回我们的活动室吧!

2 幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:认识椭圆形

活动目标:认识椭圆形,感知椭圆形的基本特征。

活动准备:

教具:圆形、椭圆形各一个,纸条一根。

学具:人手同等大小的圆形、椭圆形各一个,纸条一根(与圆形的直径等长);第一、二组,给椭圆形涂色;第三、四组,给最多的圆点打"*"第五、六组:看符号填圆点。

活动过程:

一、集体活动1、认识椭圆形。

出示椭圆形,"它是不是圆形呢?"(不是)"你从什么地方看出它不是圆形的呢?""我们一起来比一比。"(引导幼儿将前面的两个图形重叠在一起进行比较,证实椭圆形比圆形长。)"那么这个图形叫什么名字呢?"(椭圆形)"椭圆形除了比圆形长以外,还有哪里和圆形不一样呢?"(引导幼儿先将圆形左右对折再上下对折,并用纸条测量两次的折印,验证圆形两条折印一样长;然后再引导幼儿将椭圆形上下对折,再次测量折印,验证椭圆形的折印不一样长。

2、小结椭圆形的特征。

"椭圆形两头比圆形长,上下对折和左右对折出来的折印不一样长。"3、说出日常生活中类似椭圆形的物体。

"你在家里、幼儿园里还看到哪些东西像椭圆形?"二、小组活动1、第一、二组,给椭圆形涂色。

"把椭圆形找出来涂上同一种颜色。"2、第三、四组,给最多的点子打"*"3、第五、六组,看符号填圆点。

三、活动评价展示个别幼儿给椭圆形涂色的作业。

3 幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:认识圆形

活动目的:1、通过游戏的方式,幼儿认识圆形(圆面和圆圈)2、发展幼儿动手操作的能力活动准备:圆镜,圆盘子,脸盆;圆形纸片若干,大、中、小圆圈各1只, 幼儿每人一套大、中、小圆活动过程:

一、实物演示1、(出示圆镜)这是什么?这面镜子是什么形状的?

2、(出示圆盘)这是什么?这只盘子是什么形状的?盘子的口实什么形状的?

出示脸盆(提问同上)3、教师:小朋友,我们周围有许多东西是圆形的,你们动脑筋想一想,平时看到过哪些东西是圆形的?(幼儿自由发言)教师小结:圆形的东西很多,在家里,在马路上,在幼儿园里,在许多地方我们都能看到。

二、图片演示1、 出示图片:黑地板上贴有各种大小不同的彩色的圆形纸片。

教师:这里有许多漂亮的纸片,又红的,蓝的,绿的,黄的,小朋友看看他们都是什么形状的?这些圆形有大的,有小的,还有最小的呢。(教师用手逐一指出)你们看看这些圆形像什么?

2、出示图片:黑地板上贴有两个圆圈,红的大,黄的小。问:这里有几个圆?那个大?那个小?(再出示最小的1个绿色的圆)现在这里有几个圆/?哪一个是最小的圆?(和幼儿一起说出大圆,小圆,最小的圆。)教师:小朋友说得真好,这是大圆,我们就叫她大圆妈妈。这是小圆,我们叫她小圆宝宝。最小的圆呢,我们就叫她最小的圆宝宝。(幼儿复述一遍)教师:大圆妈妈说话了,她说:"小圆小圆,我的好宝宝,我们来做游戏好吗?请到我的身边来,并排站好。"小圆就滚呀滚,滚到大圆身边和大院并排站好。

圆妈妈又说:最小的圆宝宝快来呀,请你也打我的身边来,并排站好。请一个小朋友帮小圆宝宝滚到妈妈身边去。现在,3个院都靠在一起了。

教师:圆妈妈又说话了:小圆宝宝,你再过来一点,让我们手拉手,一起跳舞吧!最小的`圆宝宝你也来与妈妈拉着手一起跳舞吧!请一位幼儿帮忙。现在三个圆圈手拉手跳舞了。

教师:大圆妈妈非常喜欢圆宝宝,她又说:小圆宝宝你们全部进来,坐到妈妈身上来。小圆宝宝滚呀滚,全部滚到大圆里。圆妈妈又说,最小的圆宝宝你也全部进来吧!最小的圆宝宝也滚呀滚,全部滚进大圆里了。

教师:圆妈妈心里真高兴,她说:小圆宝宝请你到妈妈怀中来吧,妈妈抱你睡觉。小圆宝宝就滚到了妈妈身体的当中去了。小圆宝宝说话了:最小的圆弟弟,请你到我怀中来,让我来抱你睡觉。那个小朋友会帮小圆宝宝的忙。好,现在大圆抱着小圆,小圆抱着最小的圆,3个圆真高兴。

三、幼儿操作练习。

幼儿每人一套学具,4只大小不同的彩色圆圈教师:小朋友,你们没人有几个圆?请你和他们一起做游戏好吗?(幼儿自己拼放、游戏)。

4 幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:认识正方形

活动目标1、 让幼儿初步感知正方体,知道其名称和最显着的形状特征。

2、 复习几何图形,并练习按特征分类。

3、 培养幼儿的尝试精神。

活动准备1、 磁性教具:几何拼图--太空城堡。 图形标记、数不清字、大小标记。

2、 正方体大纸卡一张,大正方体一个,积木拼图。 (插正方体用)、胶带、绳子、小棒。

活动过程一、 准备部分复习几何图形。

1、 辨认几何图形。

师:这座太空城堡由哪些图形组成?

2、练习按图形特征进行分类。

师:请小朋友把相同的图形归在一起。

二、 出尝试问题1、 告诉幼儿今天来认识正方体。(出示正方体盒子)2、 展开正方体盒子平面纸卡,要求幼儿看一看,(什么图形)数一数(有几个)、比一比(大小如何),感知其特征。

师:小朋友都有这样一张卡片和记录纸,请你看一看,它是由什么图形组成的?然后数一数,有几个图形?再比一比,这些图形的大小怎么样?请你在记录纸上写上来?

3、 提示记录方法。

三、 幼儿操作活动,教师巡回了解活动情况四、 幼儿表达活动情况师:(指折成的正方体)它有几个面?每个面是什么图形?你是怎么知道它们一样大的?

五、 教师讲解通过演示、讲解,让幼儿知道正方体的名称及最显着的形状特征。

1、 数一数:有六个图形。

2、 看一看:每个图形是正方形。

3、 比一比:每个正方形一样大。

4、 小结:正方体有六个面,每个面都是一样大的正方形。

5幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:认识长方形

一、活动名称:《认识长方形》

二、活动准备:

1、课件长方形娃娃、正方形娃娃,正方形娃娃介绍自己的录音。

2、长方形两张(其中一张边画有四种颜色,一张对边画同一种颜色);长方形和正方形的纸幼儿每人一张(长方形的宽与正方形的边一样长)。

3、"小客人"两个:一个嘴巴是长方形的,一个嘴巴是正方形的。正方形和长方形的饼干每人一张。

三、活动目标:

1、培养幼儿对图形进行比较的兴趣。

2、能在周围环境中找出长方形的物体。

3、认识长方形,知道名称和基本特征,能区分长方形和正方形,了解它们的异同点。

四、教学过程:

(一)、 开始部分:

活动导入:猜一猜。

师:今天,我们班来了一位好朋友,它有4条边、有4个角,而且4条边一样长,4个角一样大。小朋友猜猜它是谁?(幼儿回答)(二)基本部分:

1、放课件,出示正方形,加深幼儿对正方形的认识。

师:请小朋友闭上眼睛,老师把它请出来!(出示正方形)原来是正方形,小朋友欢迎它(拍手欢迎)。

正方形娃娃:嗨!小朋友,我是正方形,我有4条边,4条边一样长,我有4个角,4个角一样大。

师:小朋友,正方形说它有4条边,4条边一样长,有4个角,4个角一样大,咱们一块来看一看是不是这样。

2、通过量一量、折一折,感知正方形的特征。

出示和正方形娃娃一样的正方形,让幼儿通过用和它边一样长的纸条进行量一量,从而感知正方形有4条边,4条边一样长, 通过折一折,知道有4个角,4个角一样大。(引导幼儿讲述正方形的特征)幼儿齐拍手说特征。

师小结:正方形有4条边,4条边一样长,有4个角,4个角一样大。

3、出示长方形娃娃,引导幼儿认识长方形。

师:正方形娃娃还请来了它的一位好朋友,大家看它是谁?(长方形)大家看它和正方形有什么地方不一样?(幼儿讲述)让幼儿通过折一折,知道有4个角,4个角一样大。通过量一量、折一折,知道长方形有4条边,对边一样长,(引导幼儿讲述长方形的特征)幼儿齐拍手说特征。

师小结:长方形有4个角,4个角一样大,有4条边,对边一样长。

4、幼儿操作,加深认识。

师:老师也给小朋友准备了一个正方形和一个长方形,现在请你自己动手折一折,看一看长方形和正方形是什么样的?它们哪些地方不一样?

5、总结正方形和长方形的异同点。(引导幼儿先说,后师小结:相同点:都有4个角,4个角一样大,都有4条边。不同点:正方形4条边一样长,长方形对边一样长。

6、游戏巩固:给小客人送食物。(长方形嘴巴的客人吃长方形的饼干,正方形嘴巴的客人吃正方形的饼干)。

7、联想寻找:启发幼儿找出教室里哪些物品像长方形。

(三)结束部分:请幼儿到室外找一找还有哪些东西像长方形。

6 幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:比较物体的粗细.厚薄

活动目标1. 会运用感官比较两个以上物体的粗细、厚薄2. 知道物体的粗细、厚薄是相对的。

重点和难点1. 重点:物体量差异的相对性。

2. 难点:词与概念的匹配。物体量差异的相对性。

活动准备教具:厚薄不同的书、纸、布若干。粗细不同的毛线、小棒、笔若干。

学具:每个幼儿一份厚薄不同的纸、布。粗细不同的毛线、小棒笔。每个幼儿的物品不必完全相同,以便交换使用。彩色的篮子若干只。数学角内放粗细、厚薄不同的物品和分类盒。(分类盒上用形象的图画表示物体的粗细、厚薄。)活动流程分类->指认->命名->分类活动过程:

1.通过分类活动使幼儿积累有关粗细、厚薄的感性经验。

(1)在来园活动区域活动时让幼儿用数学角里的材料进行分类活动。教师可通过提问了解幼儿的分类水平,如:"为什么把这支笔放在这个盒子里?"等。

(2)该分类活动是个别进行的,教师应尽可能了解每个幼儿的操作情况。

2.通过指认活动帮助幼儿在词和有关概念之间建立联系。

(1)幼儿每人一份粗细、厚薄不同的物品。

(2)听指令取出相应的物品。如"找出一张厚的纸。""把粗的毛线举起来。"指令可由教师发出,也可让幼儿发指令,以提高幼儿活动的兴趣,并向命名过渡。

(3)要求幼儿说出完成指令的方法(即采用什么方法比较出物体的粗细、厚薄的)。

3.通过命名活动使幼儿完成概念与词的匹配。

(1)让幼儿说出教师出示的物体的粗细、厚薄。

(2)让幼儿按指令介绍自己盒子里的物品的特征。如:"请说说你盒子两根小棒的不同"。

4.通过分类活动让幼儿体验物体量差异的相对性。

(1)让幼儿根据语言标记分类。如:"请把粗的小棒放在红的篮子里。"(2)向幼儿展示分类结果,让幼儿思考分得对不对。

5.通过讨论使幼儿理解物体的粗细、厚薄是相比较而言的。

(1)检查分类结果。如:"红篮子里的小棒是否都是粗的?"(2)讨论:为什么大家都把自己盒子里粗的小棒放进去,现在却是有的粗有的细。

6.通过变化粗细、厚薄的操作活动让幼儿进一步理解物体量差异的相对性。

(1) 让幼儿按指令作变化粗细、厚薄的操作,如:"请你让盒子里的毛线变细"。

(2)引导幼儿用不同的方法。如可以用分解的方法使毛线变细,也可找出比它粗的毛线作比较。培养幼儿思维的灵活性。

7.通过智力游戏发展幼儿初步的推理能力。

(1)智力游戏"谁更粗?"毛笔、钢笔和铅笔比粗细。钢笔比铅笔粗,毛笔比钢笔粗,毛笔和铅笔哪个粗?为什么?

(2)这个游戏是让能力强的幼儿跳一跳,即使他们答不出,也会使他们在头脑中留下疑问,这对发展他们的推理能力,理解传递关系是有益的。

活动结束:

小朋友一起探讨。

认识三角形目标使幼儿通过感知和观察,了解三角形的名称和特点,能找出生活中相应形状的实物来。

准备1. 圆形纸板;大三角尺、三角形纸板或这种形状的其他物品各4、5件(按幼儿分组的数准备)。两根约4米长的绳。

2. 彩纸或白纸剪成的可重叠比较的等边三角形和圆形每个幼儿各1个。

3. 配套幼儿用书《数学》上册。

过程1. 感知三角形的特征教师出示三角形的实物,让幼儿观察并轮流触摸边缘,说一说是什么形状,有什么特征,数一数它们有几个角。

2. 找实物教师请幼儿在活动室内找三角形的物品,或让幼儿回忆在生活中见过哪些这种形状的物品,如小彩旗是三角形的,山的形状是三角形的等。

3. 认识图形名称和基本特征教师将三角形的物品按在黑板上,用粉笔沿边缘勾画出物体的外形轮廓,告诉幼儿三角形的名称,教幼儿正确的发音。然后教师请幼儿拿出纸制成的三角形和圆形,重叠起来进行观察比较,并说一说三角形的特征,如三角形有三个角和三条边。

4. 做练习教师指导幼儿做幼儿用书第2页的练习。

7幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:5以内数的多少

教学目的:

1.初步感知5以内数与数之间多一少一的关系。

2.发展比较、概括能力。

教学准备:

动物头饰:猫、狗、猪、熊、兔子;黑板画;点子卡片每人一套。

教学过程:

1.导入活动:拍手游戏,用动作感知数的实际意义,如看点子卡片拍手,边拍手边数数,最后说出点数。幼儿还可根据点子的数量模仿拍几下皮球的动作,边拍边数,并说出总数。

2.小动物去商店买气球,它们都买几只呀?(请幼儿扮演商店售货员,幼儿戴头饰扮演小动物买气球。5以内数字自由说)在黑板上摆出来小动物买的气球,让小朋友数,"每个动物各有几个气球?

看颜色,说一说,几里面有几个1?

3.看黑板画,数一数,小动物一样多吗?谁多,谁少?怎样才能一样多?(添画少的小动物,观察谁比谁多1?谁比谁少1?教师讲完,幼儿动手画)4.运用听觉感知数,比比谁的耳朵灵。如老师请个别幼儿学动物叫声(数量是5以内),其他幼儿回答:"是哪种小动物的叫声?共叫了几声?"5.游戏《乒乓球》结束活动。

课下延伸:

点子卡片练习,添画小动物。

认识粗细活动要求:认识、比较物体的粗细,懂得"粗细"的比较是相对的。

活动准备:教师演示用的4种不同粗细的物体(小棒、牙签、蜡笔和水彩笔)幼儿标作材料人手一份(能力强的为7种不同粗细的物体,能力中等的为5种不向粗细的物体,能力差的为3中不同粗细的物体)(牙签、小棒、蜡笔、记号笔、水彩笔)活动过程:

一、认识粗细1.请幼儿用自己盒内的东西穿木珠提问:你在玩木珠的过程中发现什么了?(牙签、小棒穿进,蜡笔等没穿进)2.寻找原即为什么会这样?(因为小棒、牙签细,蜡笔粗)3.小结:原来东西有粗和细之分。

二、比较粗细1、出示小棒师:刚才我们玩了穿木珠的游戏,有的东西穿进去了,而有的东西没有穿进,那么小棒刚刚穿进了,它是粗的还是细的?

(1)若回答细的,则出示牙签,让幼儿比较(2)若回答粗的,则出示蜡笔,让幼儿比较那么这支笔到底是粗还是细。

2.得出结论:一样东西是无法比较粗细的,要两样东西才能比较出租和细。

三、利用粗细不同的物体排序师:你们盒子里的东西有粗有细,那么我们来帮他们排上队1.幼儿操作任意排2.提问(1)你是怎么排的?(从粗一细,从细一粗)(2)你是怎么排出来的?

3、师生共同小结(1)先找出最细的,然后找出最粗的,剩下的两个进行比较、依次排队。

(2)从盒中先找出最细的,放在第一,然后再在盒中找出最细的,放在第二,反复运用这个方法依次排队4、请幼儿采用互换方法比较一种方法排列。

认识厚薄活动目标:

1、感知6以内的数。

2、通过观察比较正确认识和区分物体的高矮和厚薄,能将物体按高矮和厚薄排序。

3、在比较的过程中,逐步养成仔细观察的习惯。

活动准备:

教具:图片,厚薄不一的书5本。

学具:幼儿用书第32页,笔。

活动过程:

1、集体活动。

(1)巩固认识高矮,按高矮排队。

请三位高矮不同的幼儿站到前面来,让大家观察比较,可以由高到矮或由矮到高有序地排队。

再请5--6位高矮不同的幼儿上来,让他们目测比较高矮排序。

(2)认识厚薄。

出示厚薄不一样的书本,提问:这里有什么?有多少?它们有什么不一样?启发幼儿用比较和目测的方法认识书本的厚薄,再请幼儿上来比一比排一排,学习按厚薄给书本排序。(从薄到厚、从厚到薄。)2、操作活动。

(1)引导幼儿看图说一说:图上有什么?哪个厚?哪个薄?并认读汉字:厚薄,并在厚书旁边的圆圈里图上黄颜色。

(2)观察比较彩色格子的长短,说说:哪个颜色的格子最长?哪一种最短?并按从长到短的顺序在右边的格子里写上写上数序。

(3)启发幼儿按数序提示给格子涂色。

3、活动评价。

让幼儿讲述自己的操作材料,教师表扬正确排序并大声讲述的幼儿。

8 幼儿园中班优秀数学教案:认识数字6

【活动目标】

1.引导幼儿认识数字"6",知道它能表示相应数量的物体。

2.引导幼儿通过操作、目测等正确感知6以内的数量,巩固对6以内数字的认识。

3.激发幼儿学习数学的兴趣,培养其动手操作和口语表达能力。

【活动准备】

1.教具:投影仪一台,"动物园"幻灯片若干张,录音机一台,音乐磁带一盒,数字卡片若干张。

学具:第一组,印有数字的作业纸人手一份(见图一),油画棒若干盒;第二组,数字纸卡(见图二)人手一份,实物印章每人一个;第三组,实物图片(见图三)人手一份,油画棒若干盒,数字卡片若干张。有点卡标记的信箱三个,贴有不同数字的信封人手一个,1~6小数卡人手1份,小玩具若干。

2.环境布置幼儿坐在地毯上成半圆形,每人面前放一个小盘子(盘内1~6个小数卡若干,玩具若干),幼儿后面搭建"数的王国",用大型积木搭三个门洞,分别标有数字"l、2、3"。

【活动过程】

一、集体尝试活动设置情境,引起幼儿兴趣。

(出示一封信):师:今天啊,老师收到了一封数字王国的国王写给我们中(1)班小朋友的信。(教师读信)师:我们一起开汽车去动物园,好不好?(音乐声,幼儿做开汽车的动作)出示幻灯片(一),到达"动物园"。

尝试一分别出示幻灯片(二)、(三),请幼儿目测动物数量,巩固对数字"4"、"5"的认识。

师:我们到了××馆,它们有几只?可以用数字几来表示?

请小朋友从小盘内试着取出相应的数字。

尝试二出示幻灯片(四),请幼儿目测动物数量,认识数字"6"。

师:它们有几只?可以用数字几来表示?(出示数字"6")"6像什么呢?"请小朋友从盘中找出数字"6",集体认读数字"6"。

请幼儿讨论讲述"6"还可以表示什么?

尝试三游戏"看数取物"。

师:这是数字几?(出示数卡)请小朋友从小盘内试着拿出相同数量的玩具,边拿边说:l、2、3……,×个玩具和数字×做朋友。教师引导幼儿反复练习。

师:现在我们到数字王国去玩好不好?

二、小组活动介绍每组的游戏内容及规则:

师:小朋友看,数字王国有三个进口,分别为1号门、2号门、3号门。每个门内都有一组游戏。

第一组 看数字做点卡师:请小朋友先看清数字是几,再画圆点,边画边说:1、2、3……数字×和×个圆点做朋友。

第二组 看数字印图形师:请小朋友先看上面的数字是几,就在旁边的格子里印几个实物图形,边印边说:1、2、3……×个图形和数字×做朋友。

第三组 看实物贴数字师:先看卡片有几个什么,再把能表示它的数字贴在上面的格子里,边贴边说×个什么数字和数字×做朋友。

请幼儿自由选择一组游戏,随欢快的音乐声进入作业区。

幼儿操作,教师巡回指导,鼓励幼儿边操作边讲述,检查操作过程及结果。

三、活动评价(师生互评)1.展示个别幼儿的操作卡片,集体进行评价,表扬边操作边讲述的幼儿。

2. 教师小结活动情况。

3.以"寄信"结束活动。

师:小朋友想不想和数字娃娃交朋友呢?老师为你们准备了许多信封,请你们把自己做的寄给它们好不好?

幼儿粘贴,教师讲解寄法:请小朋友先试着在信箱上找到信封上数的好朋友,再把信放到相对应的信箱里,边放边说:数字×和×个圆点做朋友,这样信就能寄出去。

幼儿逐一"寄信",走出教室,结束活动。

【本文地址:http://www.xuefen.com.cn/zuowen/2818013.html】

全文阅读已结束,如果需要下载本文请点击

下载此文档