范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢？有哪些格式需要注意呢？接下来小编就给大家介绍一下优秀的范文该怎么写，我们一起来看一看吧。
平遥古城县衙导游词篇一
pingyao, a famous historical and cultural city in china, is about toarrive. the towering brick wall in the front right is pinghe city, one of thefour existing complete ancient city pools in china. on december 3, 1997, theunesco world heritage committee adopted a resolution to list the ancient city oflijiang in yunnan province, the ancient city of pingyao in shanxi province andthe classical gardens of suzhou in jiangsu province on the world heritage you can have a look at the perspective and relatively complete appearance ofthe ancient city.
pingyao has a long history. according to reports: in order to resist theinvasion of the northern nomads, zhou xuangong sent troops to the northernexpedition of sayu and built the jingling city in the western zhou ng city is built in the east of pingyuan county, 7 kilometers north ofjingling lining, jingling as a place name has been used up to now. this can besaid to be the beginning of the construction of pingyao city, and also thepredecessor of the present huyuan city. it has been about 2800 years sincethen.
there is no clear record of when this pingyao city was built. in order toavoid taboo, the original pingtao county was changed into pingyao county, andthe county government was moved here from other places. the time to build thecity should be after that. in the long history, there has been her prosperityhere, and it has been destroyed by war many times. the wall we see now was builtin 1370, the third year of hongwu in the ming dynasty, by heightening,thickening and bricking the original earth wall. although it has been repairedseveral times since the ming and qing dynasties, its style has not changed.
there are many ancient buildings in pingyao city, such as dacheng hall,qingxu temple, shilou, chenglong temple, wumiao stage and so on. that is, thestreet dwellings basically preserve the style and features of the ming and qingdynasties. walking on the street, you can also see all kinds of antique gate,courtyard, exquisitely carved ancient architectural decoration, and even see thestone stake in front of the gate, xiama stone, etc., a style of ancientcity.
pingyao not only has a long history, but also has a large number ofcelebrities. they are ruoming jin dynasty historian sun sheng who dares toignore the threat of "manmenzijian" and writing straightforwardly, sun kang whohas spread through the ages with "yingxueshuo". hou wailu, the late director ofthe institute of history of the chinese academy of sciences, hou ganyi, the latedeputy director of the institute of language, wang yao, the president of thechinese literature research association, li gou, the famous painter, and guolanying, the famous singer, were all born in beijing in this ancient i ancient city is worthy of being a famous historical and culturalcity.
(over huiji bridge)
we are now driving on the huiji bridge, which is a nine arch stone bridgebuilt during the reign of kangxi and rebuilt during the reign of tongzhi in theqing dynasty. fu shan, a famous hostess in the qing dynasty, wrote a tablet forit. this bridge is not large in scale and has a long history, but it isbeautiful in shape. the bridge deck is flat and not as high as ordinary stonebridges, so it is easy for cars and horses to walk. what's more, there isanother bridge under the bridge. there is no written record of the bridge below,and people didn't know it. in august 1977, a torrential rain caused a hugeflood, and the rolling flood took away a lot of river sediment which had beensilted up for many years. after the water receded, people were surprised to findthat huiji bridge was stacked on the deck of the old bridge, forming the wonderof the bridge on the bridge. making use of the old bridge to build a solidfoundation for the new bridge can save money, manpower and time. what a cleveridea! this is also a miracle in the history of bridge construction.
here is the ancient city of pingyao. please follow me to the city wall.
(take tourists to the lower east gate)
this is the "lower east gate" of huyao ancient city. let's see howmagnificent and spectacular the 12 meter high wall is. outside the city, therewas a moat. there was a suspension bridge at the gate. in the days of war inancient times, it was really an insurmountable defense line.
after we came in, this place was the lower east gate urn, which was set upto defend the gate. the city gate is the weak link of the city wall. with theurn city, the defense means of the city are greatly enhanced. this place has asmall root and is surrounded by high walls. even if the enemy invades the urn,only a few people can enter, and they immediately fall into the encirclement andbecome turtles in the urn. some of the urn gates are not opened on the oppositeside of the gate, but turn to the side. it can also prevent the enemy soldiersfrom rushing under the gate and dispel the enemy soldiers' spirit by turning thecorner. these design ideas are summed up by the ancients in the long-termpractical experience.
look, there is also a small courtyard in the urn. what is it for? it turnsout that it is a small guandi temple. guandi is a martial saint. it is theunique creation of pingyao people to build guanmiao into the urn city. pleasefollow me to the city wall.
now we are in the city. there were towers here. they were destroyed in thewar. the platform built on the city wall is said to be yin jifu's commandingplatform. yin jifu was a general of king xuan of zhou dynasty. he was famous forhis youfan in history. he wrote several poems such as lu jingchong's gao gao andguan r2. the famous northern expedition against the nomadic people of the northmentioned above was under his command. in order to consolidate the achievementsof the northern expedition, he also built jingling city here. there are manyother sites of yin jifu. there is also a village called yin village nearjingling village. it is said that yin jifu was stationed there to drink. thereis yin jifu's collection outside shangdong gate. before the collection, there isa large inscription on the ming dynasty stone tablet, which reads "zhou qingshizj jifu shinto". inside the upper east gate is a small temple in memory of yinjifu.
please follow me to see the construction of the ancient city.
(take the tourists to dip southward. walk and say, about 2-3 piers tostop)
we can see that there is a short block on both sides of the city wall,which is called the parapet. why is it called the parapet? there is a writtenexplanation in the "building a french style" written by the government of thesong dynasty: "words are inferior. compared with the city, if a woman and herhusband are equal. " it means that the wall is tall and thick, and baoweihusband; the female wall is thin and short, like a weak woman. in some folkplaces, there is such a story: in the early days, there was no parapet in thecity. once, an old man was pulled to work, and his little granddaughter, who wasdependent on him, came to the city with him every day and sat by to watch. oneday, a tired migrant worker came to the edge of the city wall in a daze. thelittle girl, berta, fell into the city and pushed him in. unexpectedly, theforce was too strong. although the migrant worker was saved, the little girlfell to death. in memory of her, craftsmen built a low wall in the city andcalled it a parapet. it's a touching story, but it does illustrate theprotective function of the parapet. let's see: the girls' fields on both sidesare not the same. crenels are built on the outer walls of the girls' fields, andcrenels also have holes for conjecture and shooting. of course, this is for theneeds of actual combat.
as you have noticed, every spare section of the city wall has a protrudingpart, which is called the pier. what is the pier for? 7 it is used to protectthe city wall. we know that in ancient times, the main weapons used to attackand defend the city were bows, arrows and bending machines. they could shootdown from the top and up from the bottom. therefore, the soldiers who defendedthe city were afraid to explore their origins. in this way, the city wall at thefoot of the anti li chengding defense corner. with piers and abutments, we canmake up for this deficiency, form a powerful three-dimensional shooting networkfrom three sides, and greatly strengthen the city defense force. on eachcollapse, an enemy tower was built with holes for observation and shooting.
in addition to these common points, ganyao ancient city has its own uniqueplace.
the city wall was originally a product of war, but pingdouren liked to puta strong cultural color on it. kuixing tower, a symbol of cultural starofficial, was built on the southeast corner of dingcheng wall. according tostatistics, there are 3000 crenels and 72 abandoned enemy towers in the ancientcity, which is a symbol of confucius' three thousand disciples and seventy-twosages.
huyao looks like a turtle from above. it has always been known as the cityof tortoise. it is said that it means the longevity of the tortoise. there aresix gates in the city, the south gate looks like the head, the gate and theouter gate of the urn are all south. ren guishou is flexible, the north gatelooks like the tail, the outer gate of the urn is demolished and moves eastward,and the good puppet turtle tail swings eastward: the east gate and the west gatelook like turtle feet. the three outer gates of the urn turn southward, as ifthe tortoise is slowly extending its legs and bending its limbs forward. onlythe lower east gate, which we just came in, opens eastward instead of turningsouthward. it is said that it is uncle the tortoise climbs away, so he uses aninvisible rope to tie his left hind foot to the tower at the foot of the tower,which is one kilometer east of the city. outside the south gate, there is a wellon the left and right, which is said to be a pair of bright eyes of thetortoise. in the center of the city, that is, the location of guixin, there isalso a city building, which is the one we see standing on the top of manyhouses. on the two slopes of the top of the city building, the characters"shuangxi" and "xiangshou" are spelled out with yellow and blue glazed tiles. itfully embodies the unique cultural atmosphere of the ancient city and expressesthe good wishes of the people from afar. it can be said that it is a painting ofdragon and dark in the urban construction concept of guicheng .
there are many objects in the remote city. in southwest, the buildingcovered with glazed glass is the architectural complex of town god's temple andthe god of wealth temple. it can be seen nearby, and it can see the magnificentscenery of its high angle, flying, painted and painted. the modern building thatstands out near it is the teaching building of pingshi middle school. thedacheng hall of the confucian temple is in the campus. you can't see thecontempt from here. in order to protect the original style, it is generally notallowed to build buildings in the ancient city, but ganyuan people made anexception to build a teaching building for the school, which shows theimportance of education. pingyuan middle school has also lived up to theexpectations of the public, and has always maintained the leading position ofthis provincial key middle school in the province with excellent results
pingyao, who is very familiar to our tour guides in shanxi, must have metthis old gentleman. under the appearance of vicissitudes, he is a warm andsincere heart, and his optimistic character must have left a deep impression onyou. today, i invite him here, honoring him as "pingyao tourism imageambassador". if you have been to this charming small northern city, i hope theold gentleman can help you if you haven't come yet, don't hesitate to carry yourluggage. welcome to pingyao ancient city!
平遥古城县衙导游词篇二
诸位游客，大家好。
我国历史文化名城平遥就要到了，右前方那高耸的砖墙就是我国现存较为完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。1997年12月3日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会通过决议，将我国云南省丽江古城、山西省平遥古城和江苏省苏州古典园林列入《世界遗产名录》。现在大家可以观赏一下古城的远景和比较完整的外观。
平遥古城，历史悠久。据载：西周时期周宣工为抵御北方游牧民族的侵扰，曾派兵北伐萨犹，并修建了京陵城。京陵城就建在今平远县城东北约7公里的京陵衬，京陵二字作为地名一直沿用至今。这可以说是平遥建城的开端，也是现在乎迢城的前身。从那时起，至今已有282019年左右历史了。
现在这座平遥城始建于何时，历史上没有明确记载。大约在北魏太武帝拓跋陶时，为避名讳，将原来的平陶县改为平遥县。并把县治从别处迁到这里。建城时间应该是这以后的事。在漫长的历史岁月中。这里曾有过她的繁华，也曾多次遭受战火的破坏。我们现在看到的这座城墙，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原来的土城墙加高加厚加砖扩建而成的，明清以来虽曾数次维修，但风格未变。
平遥城内古建筑保存很多，像文庙大成殿、清虚观、市楼、城隆庙、武庙戏台等。就是街道民居。也基本保存明清时代风貌。漫步街头，还会看到各种古色古香的院门、院埔、精雕细刻的古建筑装饰，甚至还能看到门前的接马石桩、下马石等，一派古城风貌。
平遥不仅历史悠久。而且名人辈出。是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故中科院历史研究所所长侯外庐、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、著名画家李苟、著名歌唱家郭兰英等都出生在这片古老的土地上。平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。
(过惠济桥)
我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。清代名宿傅山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。这座桥规模不等大。历史也不算很长，但造型优美。桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的河沙。水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。
平遥古城到了。请大家随我上城墙参观。
(带游客进“下东门”)
这里就是乎遥古城的“下东门”。大家看这高达12米的城墙多雄伟、多壮观。在城外，本来还有护城河。城门处架有吊桥。在古代战乱的日子里。这的确是一道难以逾越的防线。
我们进来后这个地方是下东门瓮城，它是为保卫城门而设立的。城门是城墙上的薄弱环节，有了瓮城。就大大增强了城池的防卫手段。这里地方根小，四周为高墙围护，即便敌人攻入瓮城也只能进来少数人，而且立即陷入包围之中，成为瓮中之鳖。有的瓮城门并不是开在城门对面，而是拐个弯开在旁边。更可防止冲入的敌兵一较作气冲到城门下。通过拐弯来消解敌兵锐气。这些设计思想都是古人在长期实战经验中总结出来的。
大家看。瓮城里还有一个建造讲究而小巧的院落。这是干什么的呢?原来这是一座小关帝庙。关帝是武圣人。把关庙修进瓮城里，却是平遥人的独特创造。请大家随我进城，上城墙参观。
现在我们已经在城上了，这里本来还有城楼。在战争中毁掉了。这座建在城墙上的台，传说就是尹吉甫的点将台。尹吉甫是周宣王的大将，在历史上游藩有名，《律经冲的《较高》、《冠r2等几首诗就是他作的、前面提到的那有名的对北方游牧民族0l犹的北伐，就是由他指挥的。为了巩固北伐的成果，他还在这里修建了京陵城。尹吉甫遗迹这里还有多处。在京陵村附近还有一处村茁叫尹村，传说是尹吉甫当年驻兵酌地方。在上东门外有尹吉甫募，募前一通明代石碑上大书“周卿士zj吉甫神道”八字。上东门里还有一座纪念尹吉甫的小庙。
请大家随我观赏一下古城的建构。
(带游客向南浸步。边走边说，约走2—3个墩台即可停下)
我们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫;女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上。坐在旁边观看。一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔。这当然是为了实战的需要。
大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台。墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。我们知道。古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。有了墩台。就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。
干遥古城除了具备这些共性持点外，还有自己独特的地方。
城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩。把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。
乎遥俯视似龟形，历来有龟城之称。据说是取神龟寿水长存之意。全城六座城门，南门似头，城门和瓮城外门都向南。任龟首自由伸缩，北门似尾，瓮城外门拆而东向，好儡龟尾东甩：东西各二门似龟脚。三座瓮城外门拐向南开，好像神龟正续缓伸腿屈肢向前爬行，只有咱们刚才进来的下东门瓮城外门不向南拐而向东开，传说是伯神龟爬向别处，所以用一根无形的绳索把左后脚牢车地拴在城东lo公里的麓台塔上，把这条腿都拉宜了。在南门外左右各有一口井，人们说那就是神龟的一对明亮的眼睛。在市中心，也就是龟心的位置，还修有一座市楼，就是我们看到的那座高踞众屋之上的楼，在市楼楼顶两坡上，还用黄、蓝两色琉璃瓦拼出双喜字相寿字，它充分体现了古城独特的文化氛围，表达了乎迢人民良好的愿望，这可以说是龟城城建构思的画龙点暗之作了。
乎遥城内文物众多，西南方向那一片覆盖琉璃的建筑，就是城隍庙、财神庙建筑群，近处观看，可以见到它馆角高挑、群昂飞动、油漆彩绘的壮丽景色。在它附近很显眼的那座现代大楼是平适中学教学楼。文庙大成殿就在校园内，从这里看不清蔑。为保护原来的风貌，古城中一般是不准建楼的，干迢人却为学校破例修了一座教学楼，足见对教育的重视。平迢中学也不负众望，一直以优异的成绩保持着这所省级重点中学在省内的领先地位
一个我们山西导游非常熟悉的平遥人，来过山西的游客你一定见过这位老先生，沧桑的外表下是一颗火热而至诚的心，乐观的性格也一定给您留下了深刻的印象，今天我把他也请到这里，尊称他为“平遥旅游形象大使”如果您来过这座北方魅力小城，希望老先生可以勾起你的回忆，如果您还没有来，那就别犹豫了，背起您的行囊，平遥古城欢迎您!
平遥古城县衙导游词篇三
地处三晋腹地的平遥县，有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化，是我国现仅存的四大古城之一。1986年国务院批准为国家历史文化名城。1994年全国历史文化名城研讨会在平遥召开，会议首推平遥作为申报联合国人类遗产项目的第一个古城，1997年，联合国教科文组织考查后把平遥古城正式列入了《世界遗产名录》，从此，这座小城名声远扬，慕名而来的海内外游客络绎不绝。利用行车间隙我把平遥城的历史沿革作个简要介绍。
平遥古城，历史悠久，据出土文物考证，远在新石器时期，我们的祖先就在那里繁衍生息。有史以来，建置沿革屡经变迁。最早称为古陶，是尧帝的封地;西周时名为京陵城，京陵二字作为地名一向沿用至今，是平遥城的前身;北魏时改名为平遥县，并把县治迁到那里。在漫长的历史岁月中，那里曾有过它的繁华，也曾多次遭受战火的破坏。现存的城墙是明代洪武年间，即1370年修建的。明清以来经多次维修，使古城墙得以完整地保存下来。
作为世界级文化遗产的平遥古城，她留给我们的主要遗产有：古朴典雅、胜景迷人的镇国寺;东方彩塑艺术宝库双林寺;雄伟壮观的古城墙;闻名全国的中国第一票号日昇昌旧址;以及明清一条街上的古寺庙、古市楼、古店铺和古代民宅。
首先我们要参观的是镇国寺。
镇园寺：位于平遥县城东北郝洞村的镇国寺，创立于五代北汉时期，原名京城寺。明朝时改称镇国寺。1988年被国务院批难为全国重点文物保护单位。
正如大家所看到的，整座寺院坐北朝南，两进院落，中轴线上有天王殿、万佛殿、三佛楼，天王殿两侧配有钟楼和鼓楼。一进院东西廊有碑亭、三灵侯、二郎殿、财福神和土地各殿。二进院东西有观音殿、地藏殿等。
处于寺庙最前端的天王殿，是元代建筑。进入殿内，可参谒佛国护法神将四大天王：南方增长天王，手执清风剑，气势磅礴;东方持国天王，眉清目秀，慈善温和，怀抱琵琶;西方广目天王，臂缠长蛇，泰然自若;北方多闻天王，手执宝伞，气贯长虹。四大天王很受民间欢迎，因为它们代表风、调、雨、顺，象征着五谷丰登，天下太平。出了天王殿，钟楼鼓楼相互对峙，钟楼上有金代皇统五年铸造的铁钟一口，形制古雅，工艺别致，并且钟声洪亮。据说在当年没有汽车火车的时候，镇国寺的钟声能传到30里外的平遥城内，算得上是一件珍稀之物了。
朋友们，接下来要参观的是居于前院中央的万佛殿，它是我国现存最古老的木结构建筑之一，堪称千年瑰宝。这座殿宇造型独特，平面近似正方形，屋顶庞大，出据深远，但由于屋角反翘，使沉重庞大的屋顶呈现出轻巧活泼的建筑艺术形象，整个外观给人一种雄伟壮观、气势非凡的感觉，充分显示了我国古代建筑家在建筑科学方面的非凡技能。在殿内，共有彩塑11尊。
中央是佛坛，主保释迎牟尼形体高大，坐在须弥座上，表现出安逸慈祥、和颜悦目的神态。旁边站立的是迦叶和阿南二____，阿南身着僧衣，一副出家人打扮，他显得聪明、慈善，是一位才气横溢的青壮年形象;另一侧的迦叶看上去是一位饱经风霜、含辛茹苦的老人，因为他从小出家、一生勤勉求进，苦修一世，历尽艰辛。前面分别是两尊菩萨和供养菩萨。两菩萨衣冠紧扣、面额丰满，显得十分文雅娴静，俨然一副贵妇人形象。两供养菩萨体形丰满，线条优美，体现出少女特有的娇柔之美。在菩萨的前面是两天王和两供养童子。
两天王手执兵器，头载盔甲，是典型的唐代武士形象风采;两供养童子身体瘦弱、衣着俭朴，一副天真善良的农家少女形象。这11尊塑像虽是宗教神化的偶像，但却是按照当时社会的等级制度，加以形象塑造的。这些塑像是我国寺庙中现存的五代时期的惟一作品，堪称稀世珍品，在我国雕塑史上占有重要一页。
朋友们，寺内还有更为精彩的去处，那就是三佛楼、地藏殿、土地殿。各位请随我一一参观。
这座三佛楼创立于明代，主像有三尊，分别是法自佛、报自佛、应自佛。这些佛像自然大方、造型优美。大家再请看两墙上的壁画，画的是释迎牟尼的生平八相图，集山水花鸟、人物于一体，描绘了释迦牟尼的一生。
位于后院西侧的地藏殿，俗称阎王殿，建于明代，主像为地藏王菩萨，四周为十殿阎王，六位判官、牛头、马面立于地上，这些塑像有的怒不可遏，有的文质彬彬，有的慈祥和蔼。再看这墙上的14幅壁画，集绘画、书法于一体，描述了不善之徒被受刑制裁的场面，其惨状目不忍睹。这些情节表现的是惩恶扬善的哲理，但在封建社会里，劳动人民处在社会的最下层，有冤无处申，有苦无处诉，仅有把期望寄托在来世，正如这幅对联所写：
阳世奸雄欺天害理由直汝，阴司报应古往今来放过谁。强烈地表现着惩恶扬善的愿望和人生哲理。
各位朋友请看土地殿正中的这一坐像，不用说大家也能猜得出他是土地爷了，他看上去和蔼慈祥，佛经中说它是山川郊社之神，他的两侧分别侍立着金童和玉女，手中各自拿着印玺和印盒，一副叫顺服侍土地的形象。
观赏完这几座主要的殿宇后，我们要回到前院，再去看看前院两侧的碑廊。那里共保存着历代石碑20余通，其中值得一提的是半截碑。由于该碑上下左右都有残缺，所以名为半截碑，以残碑的宽厚度估量，原碑十分高大。此碑资料与镇国寺无关，原先在镇国寺竣工时，在寺的附近捡回这块碑，想做碑座，结果发现书法甚佳，秀润苍劲，当时没舍得毁掉，才得以幸存下来。经考证，这块碑是北汉主刘崇之孙刘继钦的墓志铭碑，文物价值相当高。
朋友们是否注意到这棵古老的槐树，大家猜猜它的树龄是多少呢这棵名为龙槐的树距今已有1000多年的历史了，据嘉庆《龙槐记》碑中记载，有了这座寺庙就有了这棵树，它长得高不盈丈，树身已满是裂缝，弯弯曲曲，枝干错综盘结，无头无尾，看上去张牙舞爪，腾云驾雾，也是寺内的一大奇观。
从寺门向寺内远望，杂树交荫，绿叶蓬松，环境优美，饶有古趣。
平遥城墙：从镇国寺出发，约半个小时，我们便来到了历史文化名城平遥古城。
女士们、先生们，前方那高耸的砖墙就是平遥城墙。据史书记载，西周宣王时，平遥旧城狭小低矮，大将尹吉甫驻兵于此，出于军事防御的需要，筑西北两面城墙;明代洪武三年即1370年，扩建为砖石城墙。以后历代多次修补，基本上建成为现存规模。但在日伪统治时期，遭到了严重的破坏。1980年国家拨出很多经费动工复修，使平遥城墙重现昔日光彩。
平遥古城素有龟城之称，寓意为吉祥、长寿、青春永驻、金汤永固。据传说，城池南门为____，门外的两眼水井象征着龟的双眼;北城门为龟尾，是全城的最低处。城池东西有四座瓮城，两两相对，上西门，下西门、上东门和下东门，前三门的外城门均向南开，形似龟的三条腿，惟有下东门瓮城的外城门，向东而开，据说是古人建城时惟恐乌龟爬走，于是将其左腿使劲拉直，井用绳索紧捆在麓台塔上。城墙的四周，本来还有护城河，并设有吊桥，在古代战乱的日子里，这的确是一道难以逾越的防线。
我们首先进来的是下东门瓮城，它是为保卫城门而设立的。那里地方狭小，四周有高墙围护，即使敌人攻入瓮城也只能进来少数，并且立即陷入包围之中，成为瓮中之鳖。大家再请看，瓮城里还有一个建筑考究而小巧的院落，这是小关帝庙。把关帝庙修进瓮城里，此乃平遥人的独创。
请朋友们随我上城墙参观，领略古城风貌。城墙周长共6157米，高度为610米不等，墙身内是素土，外包砖石，顶铺砖面，在这上头可并行两辆马车，宽阔而坚实。
朋友们也许会问城墙上两边各有一道短墙是用来干什么的它叫女儿墙，起保护作用。我们看出两边的女儿墙并不一样，向外的女儿墙修筑了垛口，垛口上留着供了望和射击使用的小孔，是出于实战的需要。
大家很容易看到城墙每隔一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台，它的作用何在呢大家猜对了，肯定是保护城墙的。我们明白，古代攻城的主要武器是弓箭和弩机，守城的土兵轻易不敢探出身去，这样使得城墙脚下变成防御的死角，为改变这种劣势，在墩台上组成一个强有力的射击网，从而大大增强了防卫本事。城墙上共建有72座敌楼，3000个垛口，据说是象征圣人孔夫子的三千____七十二贤人。
这座坚如磐石的古城，在古代起过抵御外敌的作用。如在清末，曾把抢劫商号，骚扰民宅的清军拒之于城门外，使平遥免遭其害。在抗战时期，城墙为挡住气焰嚣张的日寇作出了特殊贡献。
另外，在洪灾到来时，可抵挡滔滔洪水，使城内居民安然无恙。平遥古城，不仅仅以古老完好的城墙闻名于世，并且古寺庙、古市楼、古街道、古店铺、古民宅，荟集一城，构成了一个宏伟壮观的古文物建筑群。闻名于世的平遥八景吸引着无数游客，这八景是：金井市楼、贺兰仙桥、凤凰栖台、河桥野望、源池泉涌、麓台叠翠、瀴溪晚照、超山晓月。另有民间神话传说的古城八宝，也很有情趣，即：市楼金井内的金马驹、贺兰仙桥下的金蛤蟆、清虚仙迹中的透灵碑、凤凰栖台下的金龟子、鹦鹉巷内的鹦鹉石、文庙大成殿的杞木梁、木楔柱和九连钟。
接下来，我们将参观城内几处重要的景点。
清虚观：古城内的主要街道有南北大街、东西大街、政府街和城隍庙街，清虚观就坐落在东大街的路北方向。那里此刻是县文物局所在地，原是一座道观。门前这座木牌楼造型巧妙，偌大的楼顶全由两根立柱、四根斜柱支撑。在那里保存着一批有价值的文物，古碑很多，其中元代一通碑，正面用蒙文，反面用汉语译文，结尾处用属相纪年法记录时间，据专家考证，这通碑和陕西重阳万寿宫保存的著名八思巴文碑如出一辙，据推测碑上的蒙文很可能就是八思巴文，很有史料价值。
朋友们，前面不远处就是著名的日异昌票号的旧址了，我们一同前往参观。
中国票号博物馆：请大家看这座面宽五间的大屋，这便是有天下第一号美称的日昇昌票号的铺面，那里现已辟为中国票号博物馆，我们能够想象当年那里人来车往、熙熙攘攘的场面。朋友们可能很想明白票号究竟是什么票号就是以前的钱庄、银号，在我国银行没有出现以前，票号几乎控制着全国的金融业。票号是随着明后期资本主义萌芽而产生的，主要经营汇兑、存款、放款、代官府解粮钱、收捐税等的金融机构。余秋雨先生在《抱愧山西》一文中曾说那里是中国银行的乡下祖父。清朝时交通不方便，商人们来回押运金银既麻烦，又不保险。道光四年，原平遥西裕成颜料庄经理雷履泰就把颜料行改组成经营汇兑业务的商行，取如日初升，繁荣昌盛之意，定名为日昇昌，从此揭开了我国金融史上崭新的一页。
大家或许已经发现，这个门很异常，为什么要做这么多层次分明的门坎呢对了，就是为安全起见，层层防御!
请先进左边这间铺面，这个梯子是直接通往楼上的，大家或许会想象当年楼上必须存放着很多的金银财宝，这个疑问到了里间就能够得到回答。正加大家所见，这间屋子除了摆放着一箱假银子，看来并没什么异常的地方。那么金库到底会在哪儿呢噢，对了!这儿有一个灰坑，把盖打开之后，那里便是金库!有人会问，这么小的地方，似乎与日昇昌的赫赫大名不相称吧您说对了，那里只是个小金库，大库在什么地方，至今仍是个谜。
各位朋友，我们进前院参观。这左右两边是信房和帐房，都是日昇昌的重要机构。此刻请随我进信房，大家请注意观察，这个大印和别的印章有什么区别呢对了，它是由10个大小不一样的小块组成的，这10个小部分分别是由不一样的股东掌握，要想取钱，必须拿上有完整的股东印章的汇票才能领上，也能够说，这是种股份制的经营方式。
这是过厅，大家请看这幅对联：日丽中天万宝精华同耀彩，州防福地八方辐揍独居奇。上下联中巧妙嵌入日、昇二字，紧扣票号名称，确是一幅妙联。
那里是接待宾客的场所，就是在这小小的客厅，当年的商号精英们运筹帷幄，包揽清王朝的银钱汇兑，谋划着远在千万里之外的全国各大城市以及日本、朝鲜、东南亚等地的汇兑业务。著名的日昇昌，它的经营者都是德才兼备的精明人士，其中最有名的是雷履泰、毛鸿翙、程清畔和程大培。
此刻请随我到后院参观，这左右两边是客房，展出的有中国票号十大名掌柜和十大财东简介，包括当年红极一时的红顶商人胡雪岩和几位女商人。对面是当年光绪皇帝所赐汇通天下四个字，意思是日昇昌的票号通行全国。
朋友们请看那里也有一副对联：轻重权衡千金日利，中西汇兑一纸风行，横批万宝流泉，能够看得出当时金融界大亨追求利欲和自满自足的心态。再请看通往东跨院的这座小门楼，门楼并不奇特，值得注意的是上头的这块匾额，匾上大书数飞二字，署名是傅山。
日昇昌资金雄厚，信誉卓著，其他票号都难与匹敌竞争，这种局面一向维持到清末，雷履泰死后，日昇昌的竞争力日渐衰退，票号霸主地位随之失去，继而销声匿迹了。
朋友们，接下来请随我到明清一条街上浏览那里的风光。
明清一条街：那里是古城东西大街和南大街的交界处，向南走就是享有明清一条街之称的南大街。
前面不远处的路北有一座过街楼，因楼南有井，水色如金，故称金井市楼。创立年代无从考证，现存建筑是清代遗物。请看楼顶上彩色琉璃瓦拼出的寿字十分醒目，从楼南还可看到楼顶另一面拼出的双喜字。二楼上还有平座，供人们登临参观。市楼以其雄姿壮观、造型华丽，被誉为该县八景之一。它和城墙一样，已成为平遥古城的象征。清代诗人赵谦得登楼云：纵目揽山秀于东南，提清流于西北，仰观烟云之变幻，俯临城市之繁华。
在市楼的南侧有个金井，传说井里有一只金蟾，是镇楼之宝，并且还能保佑平遥风调雨顺，不受虫灾侵扰。有一年，突然来了两个南方人，用法术引出了鹦哥巷里的金鹦鹉，然后让鹦鹉下井叼走了金蟾。据说从此以后，平遥的风水就不那么好了。其实这是没有根据的。
朋友们，这条街基本坚持了明清风格。街面不宽，但路旁店铺林立，房屋大多也是砖木结构的屋子，我们能够想象当年的平遥城多么繁华，铺面林立，结构井然有序，与平遥商人精明强干的美誉交相辉映。
朋友们请进这个店内。那里出售的都是推光漆器。平遥漆器是久负盛名的传统名牌产品。它的历史源远流长，可追溯到商朝，春秋战国时已具雏形，到汉唐时基本构成了地方特色，明清时发展到鼎盛时期，产品风靡三晋大地，并开始出口。推光漆器不但画面立体效果强，并且具有防潮防热阶性能，是漆器中不可多得的精品。此外，平遥牛肉也是全国名产之一一刀拉开，一阵阵香味扑鼻而来，品尝一口，鲜嫩的肉丝绵软，既没有半点的牛腥味，也没有丝毫的油腻气，仅有满口令人回味无穷的浓香。平遥还有许多花样繁多的小吃，碗脱子就因受过慈禧褒奖而享有盛誉。
朋友们，接下来参观的是文庙大成殿。
文庙大成殿：文庙，即孔庙，坐落在城隍庙街南侧，它由三组建筑组合而成，中为文庙，左为东学，右为西学。庙前是东西南三座牌坊，庙内为四进院落，根灵门、大成门、大成殿、明伦堂、敬一亭、尊经阁依次排列在中轴线上。整个文庙占地面积8240平方米，建筑面积是2766平方米。其中大成殿是整个全庙的主体建筑，此刻请一同前往参观。
大成殿，坐落在一个方形的高台基上，殿宇高大，气势雄伟，是一座单檐歇山顶古建筑。大成殿的始建年代已无法考证，从背椽下的题记可知其重建的年代是公元1163年，距今已有800多年的历史。在我国各地，文庙遍布，但像大成殿这样的早期实物大多已不复存在了，所以它是考证我国宋金时期文庙建筑格局的重要实物资料。如今，这一古建筑已被列入省级重点文物保护单位，大成殿也为平遥县这座历史文化古城添色不少。
平遥古城，不仅仅有悠久的历史文化遗产，并且历代人才辈出。有著名史学家孙盛，以映雪读书流传千古的名人孙康，还有著名画家李琦，著名歌唱家郭兰英也出生在这块古老的土地上。所以说，平遥古城不愧为历史文化名城。
朋友们，对平遥古城区的参观到此就结束了。
女士们、先生们，古老而美丽的平遥城即将远去，愿平遥之行给您留下完美的回忆。多谢各位朋友，祝归途愉快!
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